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The Free Electrons in a Conducting Wire Are in Constant Thermal Motion. If Such a Wire, Carrying No Current, is Placed in a Magnetic Field, is There a Magnetic Force on - Physics

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प्रश्न

The free electrons in a conducting wire are in constant thermal motion. If such a wire, carrying no current, is placed in a magnetic field, is there a magnetic force on each free electron? Is there a magnetic force on the wire?

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उत्तर

As the electrons are in motion, there is a magnetic force acting on them individually. But the current through the wire  represents the collective motion of all the electrons that are moving or vibrating very randomly; so, overall effect is negligible. Hence there is no net magnetic force on the wire.
Also, F = LLB sin (θ)
So, if the current in the wire is zero, then the force experienced by the wire will also be zero.

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अध्याय 12: Magnetic Field - Short Answers [पृष्ठ २२९]

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एचसी वर्मा Concepts of Physics Vol. 2 [English] Class 11 and 12
अध्याय 12 Magnetic Field
Short Answers | Q 4 | पृष्ठ २२९
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