- Guardian of the Constitution: The Supreme Court ensures that both the central and state governments act within the constitutional framework and do not violate its provisions.
- Interpreter of the Constitution: In case of doubts or conflicts about the meaning of constitutional provisions, the Supreme Court gives authoritative interpretations that guide both levels of government.
- Arbiter of Center-State Disputes: In a federal system, conflicts may arise between the center and the states or among states. The Supreme Court resolves these disputes impartially.
- Protector of Rights: It protects the fundamental rights of citizens and ensures that laws passed by any government do not violate these rights.
- Maintains Federal Balance: By upholding the division of powers, the Supreme Court helps maintain the balance between the autonomy of states and the authority of the central government.
Hence, in a federation, the Supreme Court plays a crucial role in maintaining constitutional order and ensuring the smooth functioning of the dual system of government.
