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Question
The electronic configuration of gadolinium (Atomic number 64) is ______.
Options
[Xe] 4f3 5d5 6s2
[Xe] 4f7 5d2 6s1
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
[Xe] 4f8 5d6 6s2
[Xe] 4f8 5d9 6s2
[Xe] 4f6 5d2 6s2
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Solution
The electronic configuration of gadolinium (Atomic number 64) is [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2.
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of La (Z = 57) is [Xe] 5d1 6s2. Therefore, further addition of electrons occurs in the lower energy 4f-orbital till it is exactly half-filled at Eu (Z = 63). Thus, the electronic configuration of Eu is [Xe] 4f7 6s2. Thereafter, the addition of the next electron does not occur in the more stable, exactly half-filled 4f7 shell but occurs in the slightly higher energy 5d-orbital. Thus, the electronic configuration of Gd (Z = 64) is [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2.
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