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Question
Compare lanthanoids and actinoids.
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Solution
| Sr. No. | Lanthanoids | Actinoids |
| 1. | The differentiating electron enters in 4f orbital. | The differentiating electron enters in 5f orbital. |
| 2. | Binding energy of 4f orbitals are higher. | Binding energy of 5f orbitals are lower. |
| 3. | They show less tendency to form complexes. | They show greater tendency to form complexes. |
| 4. | Most of the lanthanoids are colourless. | Most of the actinoids are coloured. For example, U3+ (red), U4+ (green), \[\ce{UO^2+_2}\] (yellow) |
| 5. | They do not form oxo cations. | They do form oxo cations such as \[\ce{UO^2+_2}\] \[\ce{NpO^2+_2}\] etc |
| 6. | Besides +3 oxidation states, lanthanoids show +2 and +4 oxidation states in few cases. | Besides +3 oxidation states, actinoids show higher oxidation states such as +4, +5, +6 and +7. |
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