Question

The diagram given below is an external view of the human brain. Study the same and answer the questions that follow :

(i) Name the parts labelled A, B and C in the diagram.
(ii) State the main functions of the parts labelled A and B.

(iii) What are the structural and functional units of the brain? How are the parts of these units arranged in A and C?
(iv) Mention the collective term for the membranes covering the brain.
(v) What is the function of Cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 1

(i) A – Cerebrum, B – Cerebellum, C – Medulla oblongata
(ii)

• A (Cerebrum) – It is the site of intelligence, memory and consciousness.
• B (Cerebellum) – Coordinates muscular activity and hence helps in balancing the body.

(iii) Neurons are the structural and functional units of the brain.

• In A (Cerebrum), the outer portion contains cell bodies and the inner portion contains the axons of the neurons. 
• In C (Medulla oblongata), the outer portion contains axons and the inner portion contains the cell bodies of the neurons.

(iv) Meningitis
(v) Cerebrospinal fluid acts as a cushion and protects the brain from mechanical shocks.