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Question
State which of the two a solution of HCl in water or in toluene is an electrolyte. Explain.
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Solution
When hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in water, hydrochloric acid is formed. The covalent compound ionises in water because of its polar nature and it can conduct electricity.
\[\ce{HCl + H2O -> H3O+ + Cl-}\]
Hydrogen chloride gas is soluble in toluene, but there is an absence of H3O+ in toluene, so it does not ionise the gas; thus, it cannot conduct electricity.
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