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Question
Silencing of a gene could be achieved through the use of ______.
Options
RNAi only
antisense RNA only
both RNAi and antisense RNA
none of the above
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Solution
Silencing of a gene could be achieved through the use of both RNAi and antisense RNA.
Explanation:
Gene silencing can be achieved through RNA interference (RNAi) as well as antisense RNA. RNAi works by introducing double-stranded RNA that matches the target genes mRNA, leading to degradation of the mRNA and inhibition of translation. Similarly, antisense RNA binds to complementary mRNA sequences to block their translation. Thus, both mechanisms can be used effectively for gene silencing.
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RNA interference (RNAi) holds great potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of human diseases and as biocontrol agents in controlling pests in the field agriculture. An experiment was carried to study the use of 'RNAi' for the potential treatment of disorders of cholesterol metabolism. Some people possess genetic mutations with elevated levels of ApoB gene which predisposes them to coronary artery diseases. Lowering the amount ApoB can reduce the number of lipoproteins and lower the blood cholesterol. Tracy Zimmerman and her colleagues used RNAi in 2006 to reduce the level of ApoB in non human primates Cynomolgus monkeys. One group of monkeys were given RNAi treatment (small interfering RNAs, SiRNAs) (doses 1 mg/kg, SiRNAs), second group of monkeys were given RNAi treatment (doses 2.5 mg/kg, SiRNAs) and third group of monkeys were injected with saline. |
The results of the study are depicted in the graph below:
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