Question

Select the option that shows the correct relationship between Statements (I) and (II).

(I) The social reformers launched a crusade against socio-religious evils prevalent in Indian society in the 19th century.

(II) Many newspapers and magazines in vernacular languages were launched.

Options

• (II) contradicts (I).

• (II) is the reason for (I).

• (I) is true, but (II) is false.

• (I) and (II) are independent of each other.

Answer 1

(I) and (II) are independent of each other.

Explanation:

Both statements are true historical facts of the 19th century, but they do not have a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Statement (I) discusses the social reformers fighting against religious evils, while Statement (II) merely mentions the rise of local-language newspapers. Because many of these new vernacular newspapers were founded for purely political, business, or literary purposes rather than for religious reform, the two trends developed simultaneously but remained logically independent of each other.