Question

Select the option that shows the correct relationship between Statements (I) and (II).

(I): Although India had a long history going back many centuries, it was never a single nation and comprised many kingdoms.

(II): The feeling of nationalism emerged during the British rule, mainly as a reaction to the British rule.

Options

• (II) contradicts (I).

• (II) is the reason for (I).

• (I) is true, but (II) is false.

• (I) and (II) are independent of each other.

Answer 1

(I) and (II) are independent of each other.

Explanation:

Both statements are true but unrelated: (I) describes pre‑British political fragmentation, while (II)) explains that modern nationalism grew under colonial rule as a reaction to British policies.