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Prove that (x + 3) is a factor of x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18. Hence, factorise it completely. - Mathematics

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Question

Prove that (x + 3) is a factor of x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18. Hence, factorise it completely.

Sum
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Solution

Let f(x) = x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18

Let x + 3 = 0

x = −3

f(−3) = (−3)3 − 2(−3)2 − 9(−3) + 18

= − 27 − 2(9) + 27 + 18

= −27 − 18 + 27 + 18

= 0

x + 3 is a factor of f(x).

            x2 − 5x + 6
`x + 3")"overline(x^3 - 2x^2 - 9x + 18)`
           x3 + 3x2
         −     −                          
                − 5x − 9x
                − 5x − 15x
                +       +                  
                            6x + 18
                            6x + 18
                         −     −           
                                 x                          

x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18 = (x + 3) (x2 − 5x + 6)

= (x + 3) (x2 − 2x − 3x + 6)

= (x + 3) [x(x − 2) − 3(x − 2)]

= (x + 3) (x − 2) (x − 3)

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Chapter 6: Factorisation of polynomials - Exercise 6A [Page 105]

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Nootan Mathematics [English] Class 10 ICSE
Chapter 6 Factorisation of polynomials
Exercise 6A | Q 20. | Page 105
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