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प्रश्न
Prove that (x + 3) is a factor of x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18. Hence, factorise it completely.
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उत्तर
Let f(x) = x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18
Let x + 3 = 0
x = −3
f(−3) = (−3)3 − 2(−3)2 − 9(−3) + 18
= − 27 − 2(9) + 27 + 18
= −27 − 18 + 27 + 18
= 0
x + 3 is a factor of f(x).
x2 − 5x + 6
`x + 3")"overline(x^3 - 2x^2 - 9x + 18)`
x3 + 3x2
− −
− 5x − 9x
− 5x − 15x
+ +
6x + 18
6x + 18
− −
x
x3 − 2x2 − 9x + 18 = (x + 3) (x2 − 5x + 6)
= (x + 3) (x2 − 2x − 3x + 6)
= (x + 3) [x(x − 2) − 3(x − 2)]
= (x + 3) (x − 2) (x − 3)
