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Question
One chemical test that would enable you to distinguish between the following pair of chemicals. Describe what happens with each chemical or state 'no visible reaction'.
Calcium nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution.
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Solution
Calcium nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution can be distinguished by sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide reacts with zinc nitrate and zinc hydroxide is formed which is soluble in excess of sodium hydroxide.
\[\ce{Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> Zn(OH)2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)}\]
Sodium hydroxide reacts with calcium nitrate and forms white ppt. of calcium hydroxide insoluble in excess of sodium hydroxide.
\[\ce{Ca(NO3)2 + 2NaOH -> Ca(OH)2 + 2NaNO3}\]
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