Question

“Nuclear energy has emerged as a viable source in recent times.” Analyse the statement in context of India.

Answer 1

Nuclear energy has become an important and practical source of power in recent times in the following ways:

1. India possesses large reserves of uranium and thorium, which are vital for nuclear power generation. Uranium deposits are found in Jharkhand, Rajasthan, and Chhattisgarh, while thorium is widely available in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Odisha.
2. The Atomic Energy Commission was set up in 1948, and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre was established in 1967 to promote nuclear research and development in the country.
3. India operates several nuclear power stations, such as Tarapur in Maharashtra, Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu, and Rawatbhata in Rajasthan, which make a significant contribution to the national energy supply.
4. Nuclear power is a clean source of energy that helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels, lowers carbon emissions, and supports India’s goal of sustainable development.
5. India is also advancing nuclear technologies, including thorium-based reactors, which offer improved efficiency and enhanced energy security.
6. However, safety issues and the proper handling of nuclear waste remain major challenges in expanding nuclear energy infrastructure.
7. High initial investment costs and the need for international cooperation create obstacles to increasing nuclear power generation.
8. Government efforts and international collaborations, such as agreements with countries like Russia and France, are helping India strengthen its nuclear energy capacity.
9. With continued technological progress and supportive policies, nuclear energy can play a key role in meeting India’s rising electricity needs in a sustainable manner.