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Question
Mention some important methods of preparation of orthophosphoric acid.
Long Answer
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Solution
It can be prepared by dissolving phosphorus pentoxide in water and boiling the solution.
\[\ce{P4O10 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4}\]
Orthophosphoric acid is produced when a specific amount of diluted sulphuric acid is consumed along with calcium phosphate (rock phosphate).
\[\ce{Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 -> 3CaSO4 + 2H3PO4}\]
Red phosphorus can also be made by heating it in a water bath with 50% HNO. To catalyse the reaction, an iodine crystal could be added.
\[\ce{\underset{phosphorus)}{\underset{(Red}{P4}} + 20HNO3 -> 4H3PO4 + 20NO2 + 4H2O}\]
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