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Question
Mayor Peter Stockmann is a contrast to Dr. Thomas Stockmann. Justify.
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Solution
From the extract, it can be observed that there is a sharp contrast between the Stockmann brothers. The evidence of this striking contrast is as follows:
- Beliefs: Dr. Stockmann is a person who believes in doing what is morally right, no matter the cost. He places the needs of society over his own interests. This can be seen from his eagerness to publish the report about the contaminated water so that the people can be saved from disease. On the other hand, the Mayor tries to suppress the issue as it will harm his reputation and thus protects his own interests over those of the people.
- Profession: One is a doctor, dedicated to ensuring the good health of the community and one is a politician who is corrupt and concerned with his image in the eyes of the public and the control of power.
- Attitude towards change: The Doctor is an advocate of change and believes in the development of new ideas whereas his brother resists change and believes in keeping things the way they are, even at the cost of the wellbeing of the society.
- Majority vs. Minority: The Mayor represents the voice of the majority as he is one of the many who tries to stop the doctor‘s report from being published. On the other hand, Dr. Stockmann represents the minority as he is alone in his efforts to publish the report and reveal the truth to the world.
- Brave versus cowardly: In his role as the Mayor of the town, it is the Mayor‘s duty to ensure the safety of the people. However, when he discovers that the baths are contaminated, he refuses to take responsibility for the issue and instead tries to bury the truth. This shows that he is afraid of the consequences and is hence, a coward. On the other hand, Dr. Stockmann is unafraid to stand up for what is right even when nobody is willing to support him. This shows that Dr. Stockmann is brave and noble.
- Intelligence and Nature: While the doctor is smart, he is also easily fooled, and hence, one could label him as naïve. On the other hand, the Mayor is cunning, crafty and a master of manipulation. By nature, the doctor is a goodnatured, warm, and generous person while the Mayor is a greedy, materialistic, and dominating.
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Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words. (3)
Read the follow ing extract and answer the questions given below:
Not gold but only men can make
A people great and strong;
Men who for truth and honor's sake
Stand fast and suffer long.
Brave men who work while others sleep,
Who dare while others fly...
They build a nation's pillars deep
And lift them to the sky.
(1) What makes a nation strong?
(2) According to you, what makes India a strong and powerful nation?.
(3) Write down the rhyme scheme used in the extract.
(4) What does the phrase 'others fly ... ' mean?
Attempt a character sketch of Mrs. Hall.
Read the passage and complete the activities given below
B1 Complete the table :
A few facts about the Mehendi rituals during marriage ceremonies are given below :
Write them into appropriate columns :
(i) A simple family affair.
(ii) Song and dance performances accompanied by lavish food and entertainment.
(iii) Creative family members, apply Mehendi to the bride.
(iv) Beauticians are appointed to apply Mehendi to the bride.
Fill in the table as :
| Yesteryears | Present times |
| (i) | (i) |
| (ii) | (ii) |
Mehendi enjoys special attention during the wedding. In India, the day before the wedding is devoted exclusively to the elaborate ritual of applying Mehendi on the hands and feet of the bride. This practice is followed in Arab countries as well, except that it is held a few days prior to the wedding day. Songs are woven around the healing properties and lucky omens associated with mehndi are sung by the bride’s family and friends. An age-old belief handed down to generations lays great emphasis on the color of the bride’s Mehendi – a darker color suggests bountiful love and affection from the future in-laws and husband, and for this reason, brides take the pain to ensure that only the best quality henna is used for her wedding day.
The ritual of adorning the bride with henna is a sacred one and in some communities requires the initiation by the mother-in-law. A popular game during marriage function is the search for their names, by the bride and groom hidden within the elaborate pattern on the bride’s hands.
In certain parts of India, the bridegroom has his hands decorated with henna. The Mehendi function during marriages has evolved from simple family affairs of yesteryears to elaborate events of today. A lavish spread of food and entertainment in the form of song and dance performances have transformed it from a small function to a gala prelude. In earlier days, the task of applying Mehendi on the bride was the sole prerogative of creative family members. The demand for intricate and different style now, sees this job outsourced to beauticians skilled in this art. Beauty salons charge according to the style and complexity of pattern desired by the clients.
B2 What is the age-old belief related to the bride’s Mehendi color and its significance?
B3 Find the words :
Find the words from the passage :
| Noun | Verd | Adjectives |
| (i) attention | attend | _______________ |
| (ii) creation | _________________ | creative |
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How do the words in bold, in the lines below, illustrate the poet’s ability to convey criticism cryptically?
Our meddling intellect
Misshapes the beauteous forms of things:
We murder to dissect.
How does Forster trace the human interest in the story to primitive times?
Comment on the subtlety with which the poet captures the general pattern of communication within a family.
How does the banyan tree stand out as different from other trees? What details of the tree does the poet highlight in the poem?
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Think and answer in your own words.
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L______
E______
I______
S______
U______
Reading stories
E______
Think and answer in your own words.
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Write four reasons why animals in a zoo suffer more than those who live free in the wild.
Expand the idea inherent in the following proverb :
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Fill in the gap, choosing a word from the bracket to make an appropriate comparison.
(tall / quiet / humble / merry / busy / slippery / fast / sly / slow / big)
as ______ as a bee
Suggest what you would do in the following situation:
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Suggest what you would do in the following situation:
One particular friend of yours is always late for college, social functions, movies, etc. and delays everyone.
Who erected the first known veterinary hospitals in the world?
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Write a conversation between a donkey and a dog.
Read the passage. Underline the new words. Guess their meaning from the context. Verify it from a good dictionary.
Fill in the following blanks with reference to the poem.
'In time of rain when spring and life are ______, the butterflies lift ______ wings to catch a ______ cry and trees put forth ______ leaves to sing in ______ beneath the sky as ______ boys and girls too ______ singing down the roadway'.
The Emperor says he had realised earlier that Abdul has great talent. Does this tally with his actions? Give your opinion.
How does the following character in the story live up to their name? Provide points from the story.
Tengumai Bopsulai
Do you know of similar stories in your mother tongue or in other languages? Narrate it in short.
Read the story ‘Lord Emsworth and the Girl Friend’ by P. G. Wodehouse.
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
stepmother
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
gentle-hearted
Write other meaningful words that begin/end with anywhere.
List the rhyming words in the (On the water) poem.
Guess the meaning of the following word.
fragrant
Hamid’s heart sank because the price of the tongs was______for him.
Find a sentence/word from the text which express the following.
One of the qualities of the teacher.
Read the poem aloud in pairs
Neerja had a sour marriage due to______.
Turtles come ashore to lay eggs
Find out the idiom that relates to ‘whatever the circumstances’, from the first paragraph.
Describe Gulliver’s encounter with the army of Blefuscu.
Read the lines and answer the questions given below.
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but short and sweet
when you can smell the grass
from your garden seat
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- Which line tells you that the garden is fresh?
- Who does ‘you’ refer to?
Where is the poet going in the dream?
What was the girl determined to do? Why?
What is our core?
Vicky pleaded his father to buy a robot.
How do the wheels go?
Why did the bird catcher need fire?
Recite the poem ‘Mother Nature’.
Identify the character/speaker.
He set the fish free.
What does the man have?
Amir realised his mistakes.
What are things that we can save? Why should we save them?
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Rani and Divya informed the happening to the ______.
Try your own.
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Read the extract and complete the activities given below:
|
"I don't believe in taking the right decisions. I take decisions, I take decisions and then make them right:' One of them make them right. One of Ratan Tata's inspiring words which made me dream beyond shadows. I feel fortunate that I discovered him in the early stage of my life and now I am using his teachings to mould my future the way I want. Even though Ratan Tata was born into a very posh family in India, he never took money and power for granted. He graduated from Riverdale country from New York, Ratan Tata began his career in the Tata Group working on the shop floor of Tata Steel. After working for almost 10 years he was appointed as the director-in-charge of the National Radio and Electronics Company Limited (NELCO) in order to help its struggling finances. He worked hard to build a better consumer electronics division but the economic recession and union strikes prevented him from achieving success and this success helped Tata to be appointed as the chairman of the Tata Group of companies. He started with a very basic job in his father's company and today he owns a billion dollar company. The tag of greatness does not come without making any sacrifices and this tag on Ratan Tata suits to its best. Tata group launched its passenger car Tata Indica in the year 1998 but Tata Indica was a failure in its first year and the experiment seemed to be failing. Many people started advising Ratan Tata that he should sell the passenger car business. Ratan Tata also agreed to this and a proposal was given to Ford. they showed interest too. The three-hour meeting at Ford headquarters in Detroit, chairman of Ford (Bill Ford) said to Ratan Tata, "Why did you enter in the passenger car business when you were not knowing of it. It will be a favour if we buy this business from you." Ratan Tata decided to move back home. Whi le travelling he was very tense as the feeling of being insulted was on his mind. After earlier failures, Tata Motors did well with its business of passenger cars but in the same period, Ford did very bad. In 2008 when Ford was on it way of bankruptcy, Tata Group offered Ford to buy its luxury car brand, Jaguar Land Rover. Ford arrived in Mumbai for the meeting. In the meeting, Bill Ford said to Ratan Tata, you are doing a big favour for us by buying-Jaguar-Land Rover is now owned by Tata Group and is currently making profits. |
A1. Rewrite the following sentences as per their occurrence in the extract: (2)
- He was appointed as the Director-in-charge of the National Radio and Electronics Company Limited.
- Tata Group launched its passenger car 'Tata Indica in the year 1998.
- Billi Ford said to Ratan Tata, "You are doing a big favour for us by buying Jaguar-Land Rover."
- He graduated from Riverdale country from New York.
A2. Explain: (2)
The writer says, "I don't believe in taking right decisions. I take decisions and then make them right."
A3. Give reasons: (2)
Ratan Tata decided to sell his passenger car business.
A4. Personal Response: (2)
Right decision at the right time is important success. Express your opinion.
A5. Grammar: (2)
Do as directed:
- He worked hard building a better consumer electronics division.
(Rewrite the sentence using the infinitive form of the underlined word) - Tata Group launched the passenger car Tata Indica.
(Rewrite it beginning with 'The passenger car Tata Indica......')
A6. Vocabulary:
Give antonyms.
- Profit × ______
- Prevent × ______
