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Question
Legal Principle: The doctrine of basic structure in Constitutional jurisprudence means that the Constitution of India has certain basic features that cannot be taken away through amendments by the Parliament. The power of judicial review is a part of the basic structure and it helps the constitutional Courts to determine whether an amendment is against the basic structure or not.
Fact Situation: Parliament proposes an amendment limit the power of appeal against conviction for the offence of Sedition, to be exercised only by the Supreme Court of India.
Which of the following statements is the most appropriate in relation to the legal principle stated above?
Options
The proposed amendment is against the doctrine of the basic structure.
The proposed amendment is unconnected to the doctrine of the basic structure.
The proposed amendment can be reviewed and struck down by the Constitutional Courts.
The proposed amendment is beyond the power of the Parliament.
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Solution
The proposed amendment can be reviewed and struck down by the Constitutional Courts.
Explanation:
Supreme Court has declared that the basic structure/ features of the constitution is resting on the basic foundation of the constitution. The basic foundation of the constitution is the dignity and the freedom of its citizens which is of supreme importance and can not be destroyed by any legislation of the parliament. Article 136 of the constitution stipulates for special leave petition. Meaning, any person aggrieved of any violation may without any restriction (whether the case is pending in some court, decided or whatever) can approach the Supreme Court under SLP. In addition, if SC finds substance in the SLP then it can hear and dispose of the case.
Hence "The proposed amendment can be reviewed and struck down by the Constitutional Courts." is most appropriate and the proposed amendment can be reviewed and struck down by the constitutional courts.
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Principles:
- Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution guarantees to all citizens the right to 'freedom of speech and expression'.
- This freedom includes the right to express one's views and opinions on any issue through any medium, e.g., by word of mouth, writing, printing picture, Rim, movie, etc.
- Reasonable restrictions may be imposed by the State on this freedom, 'in the interests of the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency, morality, sovereignty and integrity of India, or 'in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offense'
- While the Apex court has justified pre-censorship of a film because it caters to a mass audience, it has held that if the film is unobjectionable and cannot constitutionally be restricted under Article 19(2), freedom of expression cannot be suppressed on account of threat of demonstration or threats of violence.
- There is a difference between 'public order' and 'public tranquility', in that such acts as disturbing only the serenity of others may not fall within the term 'public order'.
Facts: Schoen Frederick Muller is an eminent businessman of German origin. He is known to have a fascination for showbusiness. He has recently produced a film on how a group of four detectives from different parts of the world unearths a conspiracy to assassinate a leader at the United Nations, and one of them turns out to be an accomplice in the plan. The film was awarded as the 'Best Motion Picture (Fiction)' in the Berlin Film Festival. The film is taken for exhibition in India by Spread the Word, an agency headed by Ritesh Zakaria, an Indian citizen.
Which of the following can approach an Indian court against an order imposing a ban on the film for containing objectionable material under Article 19 of the Constitution?
Which Article is related to Equality before law ?
Which of the following Article states that Sikkim to be associated with the Union which is repealed?
Right to Education is added as Article 21A in the Constitution of India by
Who exercises the actual executive power under the parliamentary form of Government?
What is the tenure of a Judge of the Supreme Court?
Which of the following Amendment Act of the constitution added provisions regarding panchayats?
