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Question
Industrial melanism is the phenomenon by which the peppered moth ______.
Options
die due to industrial growth.
in polluted areas, became darker in colour for better camouflage.
became lighter in colour due to natural selection.
became resistant to industrial pollution.
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Solution
Industrial melanism is the phenomenon by which the peppered moth in polluted areas became darker in colour for better camouflage.
Explanation:
Industrial melanism is an example of natural selection observed in the peppered moth (Biston betularia). During the Industrial Revolution, soot from factories darkened tree trunks. The darker (melanic) moths were better camouflaged against predators in polluted areas, while lighter moths were easily spotted and eaten. As a result, the dark-coloured moths survived and multiplied, showing adaptation to environmental changes.
