Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
If (x + 2) is a factor of x3 + 2x2 + kx − 18, find the value of k. Hence, factorise it completely.
Advertisements
Solution
Let f(x) = x3 + 2x2 + kx − 18
Let x + 2 = 0
x = −2
∵ x + 2 is a factor of f(x).
∴ f(−2) = 0
⇒ (−2)3 + 2(−2)2 + k(−2) − 18 = 0
⇒ −8 + 2(4) − 2k − 18 = 0
⇒ −8 + 8 − 2k − 18 = 0
⇒ −2k − 18 = 0
⇒ −2k = 18
⇒ k = −9
∴ f(x) = x3 + 2x2 − 9x − 18
x2 − 7x + 9
`x + 2")"overline(x^3 + 2x^2 - 9x - 18)`
x3 + 2x2
− −
− 9x − 18
− 9x − 18
+ +
x
f(x) = x3 + 2x2 − 9x − 18
= x2 (x + 2) − 9(x + 2)
= (x2 − 9) (x + 2)
Now factor the difference of squares:
x2 − 9 = (x − 3) (x + 3)
∴ x3 + 2x2 − 9x − 18 = (x + 2) (x − 3) (x + 3)
