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Question
How would you bring about the following conversions? Name the process and write the reaction involved.
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Solution
- When ethanol is heated at 443 K with excess concentrated sulphuric acid, it gives ethene.
\[\ce{C2H5OH \overset{CONC.H2SO4}{->} C2H4 + H2O}\]
This process is known as dehydration because concentrated sulphuric acid is a dehydrating agent which removes water from ethanol. - When propanol is treated with alkaline potassium permanganate or acidified potassium dichromate, it is converted to propanoic acid.
\[\ce{CH3CH2CH2OH \overset{Alkaline KMnO3}{->}CH3CH2COOH}\] - Alkaline KMnO4 or acidified K2Cr2O7 is an oxidising agent which is adding oxygen to propanol. Hence, it is an oxidation reaction.
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