Question

How does RNA interference help in producing nematode-resistant plants?

Answer 1

Introduction: RNA interference (RNAi) silences a specific messenger RNA (mRNA), preventing it from producing its protein.

Steps:

1. The nematode Meloidogyne incognita infects tobacco roots and reduces the plant’s yield.
2. Using Agrobacterium as a vector, nematode-specific DNA is introduced into the tobacco plant.
3. The introduced DNA produces both sense and antisense RNA. These complementary RNA strands pair to form double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).
4. When the nematode feeds on the transgenic plant, the dsRNA enters the nematode and triggers RNAi.
5. RNAi silences a specific mRNA essential for the nematode’s survival. The nematode cannot produce the required protein and does not survive in the plant.

Conclusion: By silencing an essential nematode gene, RNAi protects the transgenic tobacco plant from this parasite.