Question

How does reverse transcriptase function in HIV replication?

Options

• It changes HIV RNA into DNA

• It integrates viral DNA into the host chromosome

• It protects the viral genome from degradation

• It synthesizes new viral RNA from DNA template

Answer 1

Reverse transcriptase is the key enzyme that allows HIV, as a retrovirus, to convert its RNA genome into DNA. This viral DNA then integrates with the host cell's DNA in the nucleus, allowing the cell to produce new viral RNA and proteins. This reverse process is unique to retroviruses and essential for their replication strategy.