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Question
How do normal cells get transformed into cancerous neoplastic cells? Elaborate giving three examples of inducing agent.
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Solution
Transformation of normal cells into cancerous neoplastic cells may be induced by following physical, chemical or biological agents causing DNA damage:
- Ionising radiations like X-rays and gamma rays
- Non-ionizing radiations like UV.
- Chemical carcinogens present in tobacco smoke
- Cellular oncogenes (c-onc) or proto-oncogenes, when activated under certain conditions cause cancer. Viruses with oncogenes can transform normal cells to cancerous cells
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