Question

How can coagulation be achieved?

Answer 1

Coagulation can be achieved by adding an electrolyte that neutralizes the charge on colloidal particles, causing them to aggregate and precipitate. Other methods include electrophoresis, mixing two oppositely charged sols, and persistent dialysis removing stabilizing electrolytes. The valency of ions affects coagulation power, with higher valency ions causing faster coagulation, as per the Hardy-Schulze rule.