Question

Read the sources given and answer any four from the questions given below:

Higher organisms reproduce by sexual reproduction in spite of its complexity because the offspring produced have the genetic material of two parents and show variations. These variations help in the survival of species in diverse environmental conditions. Also the variations play an important role in the evolution of a species. Sexual reproduction is a complex process but certain features are common to all organisms. They all undergo sequentially three important phases in life. These are (i) juvenile phase, (ii) reproductive phase and (iii) ageing leading to death. On the other hand, organisms exhibiting asexual reproduction do not have these phases in life. The individuals formed are genetically identical. Hence the individuals are more susceptible to changes in the environment.

1. An important feature of sexual reproduction is
   1. strong individuals
   2. new variations in offsprings
   3. juvenile phase leading to death
   4. offsprings susceptible to environment
2. Variations help the evolution of a species in the following way
   1. offsprings produced are stronger
   2. make asexually producing individuals stronger
   3. species has better chances of survival
   4. produce different types of asexual organisms
3. The three important phases of sexually reproducing animals in a sequence are
   1. reproductive-juvenile-ageing
   2. juvenile-reproductive-ageing
   3. ageing-reproductive-juvenile
   4. reproductive-ageing-juvenile
4. Following type of individuals are more susceptible to changes in the environment
   1. formed as result of sexual reproduction
   2. individuals with more variations
   3. genetically different individuals
   4. formed as a result of asexual reproduction
5. Organisms exhibiting asexual reproduction are
   1. genetically identical
   2. strong genetically
   3. have a reproductive phase
   4. haploid

Answer 1

1. new variations in offsprings
2. species has better chances of survival
3. juvenile-reproductive-ageing
4. formed as a result of asexual reproduction
5. genetically identical