Question

Give two reasons to explain how subsistence agriculture is changing in India.

Answer 1

1. Use of Modern Agricultural Inputs: The introduction of High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, and mechanized tools has helped increase productivity, leading to surplus production beyond family needs.
2. Improved Infrastructure and Support Facilities: The availability of irrigation, electricity, and credit/loan facilities has empowered farmers to shift from purely subsistence farming to a more commercial and market-oriented approach.
3. Consolidation of Land Holdings: Earlier, land holdings were small and scattered, making efficient farming difficult. With land consolidation, farms became better organized and larger, allowing for the use of modern techniques and equipment.
4. Improved Financial Position of Farmers: As farmers economic conditions improved, they were able to invest in modern inputs. This shift allowed them to move from producing only for family needs to generating surplus for the market.