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Question
Give reasons for the following:
Sulphuric acid forms two types of salts with NaOH.
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Solution
Sulphuric acid generates two types of salts with NaOH due to its dibasic nature, producing two hydronium ions per molecule when ionised in water.
\[\ce{NaOH + H2SO4 → \underset{sodium hydrogen sulphate}{NaHSO4} + H2O}\]
\[\ce{2NaOH + H2SO4 -> \underset{Sodium sulphate}{Na2SO4} + 2H2O}\]
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Comment, sulphuric acid is referred to as oil of vitriol.
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Red brown vapours are produced when concentrated sulphuric acid is added to hydrogen bromide.
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Brisk effervescence is seen when oil of vitriol is added to sodium carbonate.
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In the contact process, sulphur dioxide is dissolved in 98% sulphuric acid and not in water.
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When diluting concentrated sulphuric acid, the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid.
Name two other acids other than sulphuric acid, which can be prepared by using sulphuric acid.
Making use only of substances chosen from those given below:
Dilute sulphuric acid
Sodium carbonate
Zinc
Sodium sulphite
Lead
Salcium carbonate
Give the equation for the reaction by which you could obtain:
(i) Hydrogen
(ii) Sulphur dioxide
(iii) Carbon dioxide
(iv) Zinc Carbonate (two steps required).
Sulphuric acid is manufactured by the contact process.
Name the catalyst used.
