Question

Give balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:

(1) Acetaldehyde reacts with hydrogen cyanide.
(2) Acetone reacts with phenylhydrazine.
(3) Acetic acid is treated with ethanol and a drop of conc. H₂SO₄.

Answer 1

(i)

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{....}\ce{O}\phantom{......................}\ce{OH}\\
\phantom{..}||\phantom{.......................}|\phantom{}\\
\ce{\underset{\text{Acetaldehyde}}{CH3-C-H + HCN}  ->{CH3-C-CN}}\\
\phantom{...........................}|\\
\phantom{...........................}\ce{\underset{\text{Acetaldehyde cynohydrin}}{H}}
\end{array}\]

(2)

(3)

\[\ce{\underset{\text{Acetic acid}}{CH3COOH} + C2H5OH ->[conc.H2SO4]\underset{\text{Ethylacetate}}{CH3COOC2H5} + H2O}\]