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Question
Factorise: x4 + y4 - 3x2y2
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Solution
x4 + y4 - 3x2y2
= x4 + y4 - 2x2y2 - x2y2
= (x2)2 + (y2)2 - 2x2y2 - x2y2
= (x2 - y2)2 - (xy)2
= (x2 - y2 - xy)(x2 - y2 + xy) [∵ a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)]
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