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Question
Explain with a diagram of step-by-step energy conversion in a hydroelectric power plant.
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Solution
In a hydroelectric power plant, the water stored in a reservoir possesses potential energy due to its height. When the water is released, it flows downward at high speed, converting its potential energy into kinetic energy. The flowing water rotates the turbine, producing mechanical energy. The turbine drives a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Energy conversion:
Potential Energy → Kinetic Energy → Mechanical Energy → Electrical Energy.
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