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Question
Explain why the electrophilic substitution reactions in haloarenes occur slowly and require more drastic conditions as compared to those in benzene.
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Solution
The halogen atom because of its –I effect has some tendency to withdraw electrons from the benzene ring. As a result, the ring gets somewhat deactivated compared to benzene; hence, the electrophilic substitution reactions in haloarenes occur slowly and require more drastic conditions than those in benzene.
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Reason: Oxidising agent oxidises I2 into HI.
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Reason (R): C-Cl bond in chlorobenzene acquires partial double bond characters due to resonance.
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