Question

Explain the significance of petroleum as major source of energy.

Answer 1

Petroleum, or mineral oil, is India’s second most important energy source, after coal. Its significance stems from its multipurpose utility:

1. Fuel for Transportation: It is the primary energy source for all internal combustion engines, including petrol, diesel, and jet fuel.
2. Industrial Raw Material: It is an important “nodal industry” that supplies raw materials to a variety of petrochemical industries, including synthetic fibres, fertilisers, pharmaceuticals, and rubber.
3. Lubrication and Heating: It is used as both a lubricant for machines and a fuel source for heating and power generation.
4. Versatility: Its liquid state makes it easier to transfer via pipes across great distances than coal.