Question

Explain the type and function of xylem tissues.

Answer 1

Xylem is a complex plant tissue composed of several types of cells which are

1. Tracheids - These cells are long and tubular with thick, rigid, and lignified walls and pointed ends. Tracheids are present in all vascular plants. These conduct water and minerals from the root to stem.
2. Vessels - These are long cylindrical cells with lignified walls, placed one above the other to form a pipe-like structure. They participate in the conduction of water and minerals.
3. Xylem fibres - These are sclerenchymatous fibres found attached to the xylem. These provide strength to the plant organs.
4. Xylem parenchyma - This is the living component of xylem. Xylem parenchyma is composed of simple parenchyma cells found in the xylem. These are connected with tracheids or vessels through simple or bordered pits. Their function is to store food material.

(a) - (e) Elements of xylem:

(a) Tracheids
(b) Vessels
(c) Fibres

(d) - (e) Parenchyma