Question

Examine three stages of demographic transition theory.

Answer 1

1. Stage 1: This stage is marked by high birth rates and high death rates, which result in very slow population growth. Families tend to be large, life expectancy is low, and technological development is minimal.
2. Stage 2: In this stage, birth rates remain high for some time, but death rates begin to fall due to improvements in sanitation and healthcare. This leads to a rapid increase in population.
3. Stage 3: This stage is characterised by a significant decline in both birth and death rates, resulting in a stable or slowly growing population. It is associated with increased urbanisation, higher literacy levels, and advanced technology.