Question

Electric flux through a surface is defined as which of the following?

Options

• The dot product of the electric field vector and the area vector of the surface

• The product of the electric field and the surface area only

• The electric field strength perpendicular to the surface only

• The number of electric field lines divided by the perimeter of the surface

Answer 1

Electric flux is formally defined as the dot product of the electric field vector and the area vector of the surface. This definition accounts for both the magnitude of the field and the orientation of the surface relative to the field.