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Question
Draw and label the diagram.
Human excretory system
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Solution
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The diagram given below represents an organ system in the human body. Study the same and answer the questions that follow :
Name the structural and functional units of the part marked 1.
Draw and label the diagram.
Nephron
The given diagram represents a nephron and its blood supply. Study the diagram and answer the following question :
Label parts 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Choose the Odd One Out:
Choose the Odd One Out:
Choose the correct option.
Volume of the urine is regulated by ______.
The functional unit of kidney is ______.
The filtration units of kidneys are called ____________.
Name the process and the organ which helps in removing the following wastes from the body.
- Carbon dioxide
- Undigested food
- Urine
- Sweat
Thin muscular tubes carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Match the terms given in Column I with their physiological processes given in Column II and choose the correct answer
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Proximal convoluted tubule | i. Formation of concentrated urine |
| B. Distal convoluted tubule | ii. Filtration of blood |
| C. Henle's loop | iii. Reabsorption of 70 - 80% of electrolytes |
| D. Counter-current mechanism | iv. Ionic balance |
| E. Renal corpuscle | v. Maintenance of concentration gradient in medulla |
Match Column I with Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. PCT | (i) Concentrated urine formation |
| B. DCT | (ii) Filtration of blood |
| C. Loop of Henle | (iii) Reabsorption of 70-80% of the electrolyte |
| D. Counter current mechanism | (iv) Ionic balance |
| E. Renal corpuscle | (v) Maintenance of concentration gradient in medulla |
Select the correct option from the codes given below.
The counter-current mechanism operates in nephron ______.
Write one specific function each of the following organs in relation with excretion in human beings:
- Renal Artery
- Urethra
- Glomerulus
- Tubular part of nephron
Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to the accumulation of poisonous wastes in the body, which can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney can be used. An artificial kidney is a device to remove waste products from the blood through dialysis.
i. a. Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
b. Name the cluster of the thin-walled blood capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule.
ii. In the human excretory system, name the organ which stores urine. Is this organ under hormonal control or nervous control?
iii. List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and state in brief their functions.
OR
iii. In which part of the nephron does selective reabsorption take place? List the factors which the amount of water reabsorbed depends on.
Name the following:
The tube that passes the urine to the outside of the body.
