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Question
Distinguish between centripetal and centrifugal force.
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Solution
| Centripetal force | Centrifugal force | |
| 1. | It is the real force that acts on a body moving in a circular path. | It is a pseudo (apparent) force experienced in a rotating frame of reference. |
| 2. | This force always acts towards the centre of the circular path. | This force appears to act away from the centre of the circular path. |
| 3. | It is the resultant of all real forces acting towards the centre (e.g., tension, gravity, friction). | It arises due to centripetal acceleration of the rotating frame, not a real force. |
| 4. | It is responsible for keeping the object in circular motion. | It is what a person feels as an outward push in a rotating system (e.g., merry-go-round). |
| 5. | Its vector form is `vecF = - mω^2 vecr` The negative sign shows that the force acts towards the centre. | Its vector form is `vecF = + mω^2 vecr` The positive sign shows that the force acts away from the centre. |
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