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Question
Discuss the key features of population growth in India during the period 1951–1981 including the main reasons for the rapid population increase during this phase?
Long Answer
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Solution
The decades 1951-1981 are referred to as the period of “population explosion” in India, which was caused by:
- A rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate of population in the country. The average annual growth rate was as high as 2.2 per cent.
- It is in this period, after the Independence, that developmental activities were introduced through a centralised planning process and the economy started showing up, ensuring the improvement of living conditions of people at large. Thus, there was a high natural increase and higher growth rate.
- Besides, increased international migration, bringing in Tibetans, Bangladeshis, Nepalis, and even people from Pakistan, contributed to the high growth rate.
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