Question

Discuss the growth of air transport in India.

Answer 1

1. Early Beginnings: Air transport in India began in 1911 with an airmail service between Allahabad and Naini. By 1947, four major airlines operated, including Indian National Airways and Tata Sons Limited.
2. Nationalization in 1953: The government nationalized air transport, forming two corporations: Air India International (handling foreign traffic) and Indian Airlines (handling domestic traffic). This marked a significant phase of organized growth.
3. Expansion and Diversification: By the early 1980s, Vayudoot Airlines was established to cover remote and inaccessible regions, especially in the North Eastern states. Pawan Hans Helicopter services were also introduced in 1985, serving petroleum sectors and connecting remote areas.
4. Liberalization and Private Sector Entry: After the repeal of the Air Corporation Act, 1953, the monopoly of Air India and Indian Airlines ended. Private airlines began significant participation, quickly capturing over 52.8% of the domestic air traffic, marking rapid growth post-liberalization.
5. Modernization: The Airports Authority of India (AAI), formed in 1995, took charge of managing and developing airports, improving efficiency and safety standards. The government has also taken initiatives like Open Sky Policy (1982) and private participation in airport development in cities like Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Goa.