Question

Describe any four major political developments that India witnessed between the period 1989 to 1999.

Answer 1

The following are the four major political developments that India witnessed between the period, 1989 to 1999:

1. The 1989 elections marked the end of the Congress system. It was still important and did come to power in 1991, but it wasn’t as important anymore.
2. The Mandal issue became more important, and in 1990, the National Front administration decided to follow the Mandal proposals for reservations. The Mandal problem is really just the fight between those who favor and those who oppose OBC reservations.
3. Beginning structural adjustment initiatives and economic changes. The late Prime Minister, Shri Rajiv Gandhi, created them, and they began in 1991. Many groups have spoken out against these changes, but governments continue to implement them.
4. In December 1992, the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya and other disputed constructions were torn down. This made the talks about secularism even more heated, and last but not least, the murder of Rajiv Gandhi in May 1991. This led to a transition in Congress’s leadership to Mr. Narsimha Rao, the late Prime Minister.
5. No one party won a clear majority of seats in any Lok Sabha election between 1989 and 2014. This event marked a period of coalition governments at the Center, where regional parties were very important in forming the ruling alliances, including the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).