Question

Crossing over leads to which of the following direct consequences in gametes?

Options

• Loss of half the genetic material

• New combinations of genes

• Duplication of entire chromosomes

• Inactivation of recessive alleles

Answer 1

Crossing over is the exchange of corresponding segments of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, leading to new combinations of genes in gametes. This creation of novel allelic combinations is what underlies the genetic variation observed among offspring.