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Question
Complete the table using the data given in the graphs and answer the question that follows. Ignore if data are not available for some years.
Share of Sectors in GVA
Share of Sectors in Employment (%)
| Share of Primary Sector in GDP and Employment | ||
| 1977-78 | 2017-18 | |
| Share in Gross Value Added (GVA) | ||
| Share in employment | ||
What are the changes that you observe in the primary sector over a span of forty years?
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Solution
| Share of Primary Sector in GDP and Employment | ||
| 1977-78 | 2017-18 | |
| Share in Gross Value Added (GVA) | 40% | 14% |
| Share in employment | 71% | 44% |
Over a forty-year period, from 1977-78 to 2017-18, India’s primary sector faced a significant structural imbalance defined by a sharp drop in economic contribution and a disproportionately gradual decline in employment. Its share of Gross Value Added (GVA) fell from 40% to 14%, showing that economic growth shifted significantly to the secondary and tertiary sectors. However, its share of employment declined considerably more gradually, from 71% to 44%. This stark disparity demonstrates that, while the primary sector’s economic output became a relatively minor component of the national economy, it continued to employ nearly half of the country’s workforce, highlighting a persistent issue of lower labour productivity and widespread disguised unemployment in agriculture.
