Question

Clements proposed the climax-pattern model of succession. Governing factors for this succession that he proposed were ______.

Options

• climate

• soil conditions

• each community modifies the environment

• all of the above

Answer 1

Clements proposed the climax-pattern model of succession. Governing factors for this succession that he proposed were climate, soil conditions, and each community modifies the environment.

Explanation:

These factors together drive the successional changes, leading communities to modify their environment and eventually establish a stable climax community controlled by climate. Thus, climate and soil, along with the modifications caused by the community itself, are key in governing succession.