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Question
Carbonic acid gives an acid salt but hydrochloric acid does not. Explain.
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Solution
Carbonic acid is a dibasic acid i.e.; H2CO3. So, when it reacts with a base such as NaOH then there is only partial replacement of hydrogen ions of carbonic acid by sodium ion to form an acid salt as:
H2CO3 + NaOH → NaHCO3 + H2O
In case of hydrogen chloride which is a monobasic acid the salt produced will be normal as :
HCl + NaOH → NaCI + H2O
Concept Insight : Salts formed by partial replacement of hydrogen ions of acid by metallic ions are called acid salts.
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