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Question
Briefly give the basis for Pauling's scale of electronegativity.
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Solution
Pauling’s scale:
- Electronegativity is the relative tendency of an element present in a covalently bonded molecule to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
- Pauling assigned arbitrary values of electronegativities for hydrogen and fluorine as 2.2 and 4, respectively.
- Based on this the electronegativity values for other elements can be calculated using the following expression.
(XA − XB) = `0.182 sqrt("E"_"AB" - ("E"_"AA" xx "E"_"BB")^(1/2))`
Where EAB, EAA, and EBB are the bond dissociation energies of AB, A2, and B2 molecules respectively.
XA and XB are electronegativity values of A and B.
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