Question

Assertion (A): All atoms have a net magnetic moment. 

Reason (R): A current loop does not always behave as a magnetic dipole.

Options

• Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (А).

• Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (А).

• Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

• Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Answer 1

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Explanation:

The assertion is false as not all atoms have a net magnetic moment. In many atoms (e.g., noble gases), the electron spins and orbital moments cancel each other, yielding a net magnetic moment of zero. 

The reason is false, as a current loop always functions as a magnetic dipole. A circulating current generates a magnetic dipole moment given by:

µ = IA