Question

Answer the following question in brief (40–50 words).

Write a note on taxes introduced by Firoze Shah Tughlaq.

Answer 1

Firoze Shah Tughlaq reformed taxation by cancelling old levies and introducing four main taxes: kharaj (land tax, one-tenth of produce), zakat (on religious property), kham (one-fifth of soldiers’ booty) and jizya (on non‑Muslims). He also fixed land revenue, waived peasants’ loans and commissioned canals.