Question

Answer the following question in about 150 words.

Which are the chief means of transportation in India? Discuss the factors affecting their development.

Answer 1

The important means of transport in India are Land, air, and water. Each mode of transportation contributes to economic development. Each provides strong support for setting up industries and linking even the remotest areas. All the means of transport compete and complement each other.

• Land transport comprises road, rail, and pipeline. The use of railways to carry heavy, bulky goods and large numbers of passengers over long distances has led to the development of a dense railway network. Within the country, the network is relatively less dense in the hilly, forested, and desert areas. Roads play an important role in linking the interior areas with the markets and urban centres. Their importance in facilitating door-to-door services over short distances has led to the development of a well-knit network of roadways.
• Water transport is an ideal means of engaging in international trade along India’s long, indented coastline. Inland waterways also efficiently link the different regions within the country. It is the cheapest means for bulky cargo.
• Air transport has become a very important means of rapid and frequent movement of people and light cargo over long distances. The role of private airlines has enabled air transport to trickle down to broader sections of the economy. Budget Airlines have changed the aviation scenario in India. Air transport is important in inaccessible areas, during calamities, and for rapid connectivity.