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Question
Answer the following question briefly:
In the context of Permanent Settlement of Bengal answer the following:
Explain the special features of the Permanent Settlement.
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Solution
The system had two special features:
Permanent ownership of land
- The zamindars, collectors of land revenue, were made permanent legal owners of the land from which they collected the land tax. The tax collector became the landlord.
- The zamindar’s ownership rights became hereditary and he was given the freedom to sell or mortgage his land.
- The cultivators of the land became the tenants of the zamindar and lost their ancestral rights. They had to pay rent to the zamindar who could increase the rent as and when they wanted to.
Fixed Revenue
- The land revenue was fixed on a permanent basis. The Company could not make any further demands on the zamindars.
- The zamindar had to pay the land revenue once a year on a specific date. If he failed to pay on time, his lands were confiscated and sold.
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Under the Mahalwari system, the revenue settlement was made with the __________.
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To eliminate competition from India’s traditional industries the British transformed India into a _____________ and _____________.
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__________ introduced the railway system in India in 1853.
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The Treaty of ________ granted the English East India Company the right to collect revenue from Bihar, Bengal, and Orissa.
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The first railway line was from Bombay to _________.
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The first century of British rule resulted in the decay and destruction of the traditional Indian trade and industry. Explain this statement with reference to the following:
The collapse of the ruling dynasties and ruling courts
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Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Land Settlement in India.
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The first railway line was built during Lord Dalhousie’s time.
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The British took interest in building up transport and communication system to help them in trade and military affairs.
