Question

Answer in detail. 

Explain the lower levels of the organization.

Answer 1

Lower levels of the organization are:

1. Cellular level: The lowest level of organization is the cell. A cell is living and can exist independently. In single-celled organisms like the amoeba, paramecium, yeast, etc all functions of life like digestion, respiration, reproduction, and excretion are performed by a single cell.
2. Tissue level: The cells that are similar in structure and functions organize to form a tissue, in multicellular organisms. For example, nervous tissue is formed of neurons, muscular tissue is formed of muscle cells, and so on. Similarly, the plants are also made up of different tissues.
   For example parenchyma, sclerenchyma, etc.
   The organization of similar cells to form tissues is known as tissue level of organization.
3. Organ level: Different types of tissues in a living organism organize to form organs that perform a specific function. This is called the organ level of organization.
   The stomach is an organ in human beings, which consists of different types of tissues and perform specific functions. Similarly, the intestine kidney and brain are other organs that perform specific functions and made up of different types of tissues.
   In plants leaf, roots, stem, flowers, and fruits are different organs, which are made up of the different types of tissues.
4. Organ system level: Many organs work together in a coordinated manner to perform a specific function and form an organ system. An organ system is the next level of organization. For example, the digestive system has a job of digesting food. Many organs like the stomach, intestine, liver, and pancreas constitute digestive system. Root and shoot system in plants are the organ systems that perform specific functions and are composed of different organs