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Question
Acid rain is known to contain some acids. Name these acids and where from they come in rain?
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Solution
Rainwater has a pH of 5.6 due to the presence of H+ ions formed by the reaction of rainwater with carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere. The reaction can be shown as-
\[\ce{H2O (l) + CO2 (g) -> H2CO3 (aq)}\]
\[\ce{H2CO3 (aq) -> H+ (aq) + HCO^{-}3 (aq)}\]
If the pH of the rainwater falls below 5.6 then it is known as acid rain. NO2 after oxidation and reaction with water are major contributors to the acid rain.
\[\ce{2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) + 2H2O (l) -> 2H2SO4 (aq)}\]
\[\ce{4NO2 (g) + O2 (g) + 2H2O (l) -> 4HNO^{-}3 (aq)}\]
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